Backhoe excavators are located near the left of the cutting. Digging methods at the end of the trench or at the side of the trench are selected to stop construction according to the situation. The excavated soil is transported to the dump with the help of dump truck and excavator.

填筑路堤

Embankment filling

反铲发掘机与自卸车配合可停止填筑路堤作业，发掘机在取土场依照上述发掘办法取土即可。发掘路堑和填筑路堤施工中，自卸车配合反铲发掘机作业时所需求的车辆数，除与发掘机、自卸车的功能有关外，还与运输间隔、路途情况、驾驶员操作技术等要素有关，普通可用预算法求出，然后经过详细作业予以落实。在此进程中，以满足发掘机不中缀作业、又不让自卸车停滞爲准绳。

The backhoe excavator and dump truck cooperate to stop filling embankment, and the excavator can extract soil according to the above excavation method in the excavation yard. In excavation of cutting and embankment construction, the number of vehicles required by dump truck cooperating with backhoe excavator is related not only to the function of excavator and dump truck, but also to transportation interval, road condition and driver's operation technology, which can be calculated by budget method, and then implemented by detailed operation. In this process, it is necessary to satisfy the excavator's unfixed work and not to let the dump truck stop.

立体发掘

Stereoscopic excavation

反铲发掘机停止立体发掘作业时可采用垂直发掘法可对等发掘法。

Backhoe excavator can use vertical excavation method to stop excavation.

垂直发掘法：发掘机垂直于任务面上停止发掘。垂直发掘法的优点是，发掘机的两侧均可停放自卸车，一侧自卸车运输时另一侧自卸车停止装载，并且发掘机回转达角度不超越90°，有利于进步作业效率。

Vertical excavation method: excavator is perpendicular to the task surface to stop excavation. The advantage of vertical excavation method is that dump trucks can be parked on both sides of excavator, dump trucks on one side stop loading on the other side when dump trucks are transported, and the turning angle of excavator does not exceed 90 degrees, which is conducive to improving operation efficiency.

平行发掘法：反铲发掘机前进方向与任务面扩展方向平行，可停止直线发掘和装载，它适用于细长的发掘作业。由于自卸车只能在一侧停止装载，因而消费效率较低。

Parallel excavation method: The heading direction of backhoe excavator is parallel to the expansion direction of task surface, and it can stop straight excavation and loading. It is suitable for slender excavation operation. Because the dump truck can only stop loading on one side, the consumption efficiency is low.

修建物根底的发掘

Excavation of building foundation

运用反铲发掘修建物根底，其优点是：发掘机和自卸车均在空中上，不需求倾斜通道；根底的垂直面可精确发掘，对程度根底或有坡度的根底都能很好地停止发掘，沟底也能按要求发掘，不需求人工修正。

The advantages of using backhoe to excavate the roots of buildings are: excavators and dump trucks are in the air, and there is no need for inclined passages; the vertical plane of the roots can be excavated accurately, the excavation of the roots with or without slope can be stopped well, and the bottom of ditches can be excavated according to the requirements without manual correction.

发掘沟槽

Excavate the grooves

反铲发掘机停止沟槽发掘作业是合适的。发掘沟槽时留意沟槽底部的程度度和发掘机应有的前进挪动，这样才干到达施工要求而不需求人工修整。反铲发掘机发掘沟槽有浅沟的垂直发掘法和深沟的垂直发掘法等三种施工办法。

Backhoe excavator is the most suitable way to stop trench excavation. When excavating trenches, pay attention to the degree of the bottom of the trench and the forward movement of the excavator, so as to meet the construction requirements without manual repair. There are three construction methods for excavating trenches by backhoe excavator, namely, vertical excavation of shallow trenches and vertical excavation of deep trenches.

1）浅沟的垂直发掘法。发掘机的动臂简直呈程度形态，在发掘机前进的进程中同时也完成发掘任务。采用这种发掘法作业循环工夫很短，但铲斗每次装满效率低。发掘坚固土壤时须与作业面成垂直形态，以保证有较大的发掘力。

1) vertical excavation of shallow gully. The arm of excavator is in the form of degree, and it also completes the excavation task in the process of excavator's progress. This excavation method is very short in operation cycle, but the bucket is always filled with low efficiency. When excavating strong soil, it must be perpendicular to the working surface to ensure greater excavation power.

2）浅沟的平行发掘法。这种发掘办法是反铲发掘的行进方向和沟槽的中心线平行，动臂与机体（行走机构）成直角，并配合以发掘机的挪动，发掘办法与上述垂直发掘法相反。

2) parallel excavation method for shallow gully. This excavation method is that the direction of backhoe excavation is parallel to the center line of the trench, the arm is at right angle to the body (walking mechanism) and cooperates with the movement of excavator. The excavation method is contrary to the vertical excavation method mentioned above.

3）深沟的垂直发掘法。深沟的垂直发掘可采用两种作业方式：一种与浅沟的对等发掘法相反；另一种是分层分段发掘，先挖浅沟，当发掘机沿沟槽方向行进、挖到长度约爲发掘机长度的1/2时，再挖到所规则的深度。发掘时使动臂下降，斗杆简直与作业面垂直，并配合以发掘机的前进挪动。这种分层分段发掘办法用斗杆发掘较方便，容易装满铲斗，驾驶员在驾驶室内也容易掌握掌握斗杆的举措。由于次要依托斗杆发掘，因而发掘作业循环工夫较长。又由于发掘机需频繁地行进和前进，故坚实地带不宜采用这种发掘方式

3) vertical excavation of deep trenches. Vertical excavation of deep trenches can be carried out in two ways: one is opposite to the equivalent excavation of shallow trenches; the other is to excavate shallow trenches in layers and sections. When the excavator travels along the trench direction and reaches a length of about 1/2 of the excavator's length, the excavation will reach the regular depth. When excavating, the arm is lowered, and the bucket bar is perpendicular to the working face, and is used to move the excavator forward. This layered and sectional excavation method is more convenient to excavate with bucket pole, easy to fill bucket, and easy to grasp the action of bucket pole in the driver's cab. Due to the excavation of secondary support rods, the operation cycle is longer. Because excavators need to travel and advance frequently, it is not appropriate to use this excavation method in the solid area.