一：伸缩臂挖掘机分类
1： Classification of telescopic excavator
按其结构外型可分为：外伸缩和内伸缩; 外伸缩是通过伸缩缸及滑块的作用使移动体在固定体上方使其自由伸缩。内伸缩是移动体套入固定体内，通过伸缩缸的伸缩使移动体伸出及缩回
According to its structural appearance, it can be divided into: external expansion and internal expansion; External expansion is achieved by the action of the expansion cylinder and slider to allow the moving body to freely expand and retract above the fixed body. Internal expansion and contraction refers to the insertion of a moving body into a fixed body, and the extension and retraction of the moving body are achieved through the expansion and contraction of the expansion and contraction cylinder
按其工作原理可分为：顺序伸缩和同步伸缩。顺序伸缩采用多级缸或多个单级缸等方式直接用油缸推动;同步伸缩采用单缸加钢丝绳、滑轮组件实现伸缩。
According to its working principle, it can be divided into sequential scaling and synchronous scaling. Sequential expansion adopts methods such as multi-stage cylinders or multiple single stage cylinders, which are directly pushed by oil cylinders; Synchronous expansion and contraction are achieved by using a single cylinder with steel wire rope and pulley components.
二：伸缩臂挖掘机特征
2： Features of telescopic excavator
外伸缩臂，其特征主要在于：
The main features of extending and retracting the arm are:
1、外伸缩臂由上滑动臂与下固定臂两部分构成，上滑动臂安装在下固定臂上方，通过两侧滚轮及道轨上下组成活动体，通过伸缩缸的伸缩来推动上滑动体前后自由伸缩。
1. The outward extension and retraction arm consists of two parts: the upper sliding arm and the lower fixed arm. The upper sliding arm is installed above the lower fixed arm and forms a movable body through the rollers on both sides and the track up and down. The upper sliding body is pushed forward and backward freely through the expansion and contraction of the telescopic cylinder.
2、上滑动臂内装伸缩缸，伸缩缸的缸体固定在下固定臂上，伸缩缸活塞杆固定在上滑动臂上。其主要部件有：固定体、移动体、滑块、伸缩缸等。外伸缩臂具有受力大、结构简单，能够自由调整工作半径、调整挖掘深度，易于操作，适应特定环境作业。但其行程较小，一般其行程在4米内。
2. The upper sliding arm is equipped with a telescopic cylinder, the cylinder body of the telescopic cylinder is fixed on the lower fixed arm, and the piston rod of the telescopic cylinder is fixed on the upper sliding arm. Its main components include: fixed body, moving body, slider, telescopic cylinder, etc. The outward extension and retraction arm has the advantages of large force, simple structure, and the ability to freely adjust the working radius and excavation depth, making it easy to operate and suitable for specific environmental operations. But its journey is relatively small, usually within 4 meters.
内伸缩臂，其特征主要在于：
The main features of an internal telescopic arm are:
1、 内伸缩臂是由移动体套入固定体内，通过伸缩缸的伸缩使移动体伸出及缩回，从而达到自由伸缩的目的
1. The inner telescopic arm is inserted into the fixed body by the moving body, and the moving body is extended and retracted through the expansion and contraction of the telescopic cylinder, thereby achieving the goal of free expansion and contraction
2、 其结构只有一个固定体和一个或多个移动体，节为固定体，其余的是移动体，移动体按其大小先后顺序套入固定体内，原理是二节套入一节、三节套入二节….，通过伸缩缸使其有顺序伸出或缩回;内伸缩臂其结构较复杂、生产成本较高，一般设计成两节以上，用于深坑作业的抓取与扬土。其优点是增大了作业半径以及挖掘深度。
2. Its structure consists of only one fixed body and one or more moving bodies. The first section is a fixed body, and the rest are moving bodies. The moving bodies are inserted into the fixed body in order of size. The principle is that two sections are inserted into one section, and three sections are inserted into two sections, By extending or retracting the cylinder in sequence; The internal telescopic arm has a complex structure and high production cost, usually designed into more than two sections, and is used for gripping and lifting soil in deep pit operations. Its advantage is that it increases the operating radius and excavation depth.
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