1. “跳闸”的原因
1. Cause of "trip"
(1)性能的自锁机制来防止“跳出”的传播,传播的类型挖掘机Ⅱ、Ⅲ封面和ⅣⅤ叉轴顶部的盒子盖内孔和Ⅰ,反向齿轮叉自锁安钢球和弹簧的作用。当自锁弹簧弹性减弱或断裂时，自锁机构的自锁性能下降直消失，导致传动“跳变”。同时，定位的钢球或叉轴槽若有磨损，也会造成变速器的“跳档”。
(1) The self-locking mechanism of performance is used to prevent the propagation of "jumping out". The types of propagation are the inner hole of the box cover on the cover of excavator II and III and the top of IV and V fork shaft and I. the function of self-locking steel ball and spring of reverse gear fork. When the elasticity of the self-locking spring weakens or breaks, the self-locking performance of the self-locking mechanism decreases until it disappears, resulting in the "jump" of the transmission. At the same time, if the positioning steel ball or fork shaft groove is worn, it will also cause the "gear jump" of the transmission.
(2) 伸缩臂挖掘机的换档传动机构磨损是机械换档的传动机构，它依靠固定齿轮套上的滑动齿轮套进行轴向运动，并与各块从动齿轮啮合实现换档。在频繁换档的过程中，上述啮合齿轮的齿轮齿端面很容易磨成圆锥，导致其啮合性能下降，产生“跳齿轮”。
(2) The wear of the shift transmission mechanism of telescopic boom excavator is the transmission mechanism of mechanical shift. It relies on the sliding gear sleeve on the fixed gear sleeve to move axially and mesh with each driven gear to shift. In the process of frequent gear shifting, the gear tooth end face of the above meshing gear is easy to grind into a cone, resulting in the decline of its meshing performance and the generation of "jumping gear".
(3)外载荷的突变由于挖掘机的工作性质和挖掘机本身的设计，外载荷的突变也会导致其传动装置“跳档”。当路面凸凹,机器下坡行驶或者开车路线不当,使外部负载突然变化,负载的突然变化会通过轮,传动装置的传动轴行动啮合齿轮,齿轮啮合的轴向推力的产生,导致传输“跳块”。
(3) Sudden change of external load due to the working nature of the excavator and the design of the excavator itself, the sudden change of external load will also lead to the "gear jump" of its transmission device. When the road surface is convex and concave, the machine travels downhill or the driving route is improper, resulting in a sudden change of external load. The sudden change of load will mesh the gear through the action of the transmission shaft of the wheel and transmission device, and the axial thrust of gear meshing will lead to transmission "block jumping".
(4)变速装置调整不当这种类型的挖掘机的传动采用机械手动变速方式，如果变速杆、纵轴、横轴和垂直固定螺钉松动也会导致传动“变速”。
(4) Improper adjustment of the transmission device. The transmission of this type of excavator adopts mechanical manual transmission. If the transmission lever, longitudinal axis, transverse axis and vertical fixing screws are loose, it will also lead to "transmission".
(5)操作不当的挖掘机在坡道上行驶(尤其是下坡行驶)，如果操作不当，还会导致变速器“跳挡”。
(5) Improper operation of the excavator on the ramp (especially downhill driving), if improper operation, it will also cause the transmission to "jump gear".
2. 应急方法
2. Emergency methods
在伸缩臂挖掘机的驱动过程中，如果传动“跳块”，应及时停机(或继续运行)，然后查找原因，排除故障。具体方法有:
In the driving process of telescopic boom excavator, if the transmission "jumps", stop the machine in time (or continue to run), and then find out the cause and eliminate the fault. Specific methods include:

(1)有一个“跳出”希尔路,可以放置在位置或块Ⅰ块位置,低速度机器停机时间再次去顶部时,故障排除;如果减块不成功或出现另一个“跳块”，则应根据动作要点和关机要求停止斜坡，然后进行故障排除。
(1) There is a "jump out" Hill Road, which can be placed in the position or block I. when the shutdown time of the low-speed machine goes to the top again, the fault is eliminated; If the block reduction is unsuccessful or another "block skipping" occurs, stop the slope according to the action points and shutdown requirements, and then troubleshoot.
(2)平路行驶时若出现“跳车”，可按正常停车点停车，查找原因，排除故障。
(2) If "jumping" occurs when driving on a flat road, you can stop at the normal parking point to find out the cause and eliminate the fault.
(3)在下坡行驶时如有“跳块”，请根据加块动作将其高速放置，或采取“抓块”(紧急停车)措施。开到坡底后停机检查，排除故障;如果“添加块”,“抓块”不成功或再次出现“跳块”(中性)这个时候,司机可以控制发动机转速在中间速度(以防止发动机),使用“刹车”的方法使机器滑动斜坡的底部,然后故障排除。如果“添加块”,“抓块”不成功或“跳块”(这个时候它是中性的)再次发生,和下一个大斜坡的机器(这个时候机器将很快速度斜率“潜水”)的底部,应该快速的下坡停止行动的主要观点和停止,然后扣除的错。
(3) If there is "jumping block" when driving downhill, please place it at high speed according to the action of adding block, or take "block grasping" (emergency stop) measures. Stop the machine for inspection and troubleshooting after driving to the slope bottom; If the "add block", "grab block" is unsuccessful or the "jump block" (neutral) occurs again, the driver can control the engine speed at the middle speed (to prevent the engine), use the "braking" method to make the machine slide at the bottom of the slope, and then troubleshoot. If "add block", "grab block" is unsuccessful or "jump block" (it is neutral at this time) occurs again, and the bottom of the machine on the next large slope (at this time, the machine will quickly "dive") should quickly go down the slope to stop the main point of action and stop, and then deduct the error.