1、问
1. Ask
“问”就是向操作手询问故障机器的基本情况。主要了解机器有哪些异常现象；故障是突发的还是渐发的；使用中是否存在违规操作，维修保养情况；液压油牌号是否正确及更换的情况；故障发生的时机，即是在工作开始时还是在作业一段时间后才出现的，等等。获得这些信息后，即可基本确定该液压系统所出现故障的特点。一般来说，突发小松挖掘机维修性故障，大多是因液压油过脏或弹簧折断造成阀封闭不严引起的；渐发性故障，则多数是因元件磨损严重或橡胶密封、管件老化而出现的。
"Ask" is to ask the operator about the basic situation of the faulty machine. Mainly understand the abnormal phenomena of the machine; Whether the fault is sudden or gradual; Whether there are illegal operations and maintenance during use; Whether the hydraulic oil brand is correct and the replacement; The time when the fault occurs, that is, at the beginning of the work or after a period of time, etc. After obtaining this information, the fault characteristics of the hydraulic system can be basically determined. Generally speaking, the sudden maintenance failure of Komatsu excavator is mostly caused by the loose valve closure caused by dirty hydraulic oil or broken spring; Most of the gradual failures are caused by serious wear of components or aging of rubber seals and pipe fittings.
如挖掘机可以开始工作时正常，但工作需要一段发展时间后出现一个动作速度变慢并伴随着社会噪声和油温升高(油温表指示数大于75°C)的现象时，在排除非油量存在不足、高温以及环境虽然不长随着时间大负荷管理作业、冷油器散热片污垢太多和风扇胶带打滑等原因外，则可能是泵或阀内漏造成的。例如，一台挖掘机，起初作为先导企业操纵市场压力影响正常，不久后其值不降。检查分析结果是，因先导泵的橡胶进油管受热折瘪，致使进油受阻从而造成的。
For example, when the excavator can start working normally, but the operation needs a period of development time, there is a phenomenon that the action speed slows down and is accompanied by social noise and the rise of oil temperature (the indication of oil temperature gauge is greater than 75 ° C), when excluding the shortage of non oil quantity, high temperature and environment, although it is not long, the large load management operation In addition to too much dirt on the heat sink of the oil cooler and the slipping of the fan tape, it may be caused by the internal leakage of the pump or valve. For example, an excavator, at first as a leading enterprise, manipulated the market pressure to affect normal, and soon its value did not drop. The result of inspection and analysis is that the rubber oil inlet pipe of the pilot pump is heated and shriveled, resulting in blocked oil inlet.

2、看
2. Look
”看”就是通过眼睛看液压系统是怎么工作的。如果罐内油量满足要求，是否有气泡和变色(机器的噪声、振动和爬行往往与油中有大量气泡有关) ，压力表和油温表在工作中指示值的变化，故障部位是否有损坏，接头逐渐脱落，固定部件松动现象。当液压系统漏油故障时，在排除反固定螺栓扭矩不足或不均匀时，在更换前可能已经严重磨损或损坏油封，还应检查压力是否超过限值。在安装油封时，应检查油封的类型和质量，装配要准确。
”"Look" is to see how the hydraulic system works through your eyes. If the oil quantity in the tank meets the requirements, whether there are bubbles and discoloration (the noise, vibration and crawling of the machine are often related to a large number of bubbles in the oil), the change of the indicated value of the pressure gauge and oil temperature gauge during operation, whether the fault part is damaged, the joint gradually falls off and the fixed parts are loose. In case of oil leakage in the hydraulic system, when eliminating the insufficient or uneven torque of the reverse fixing bolt, the oil seal may have been seriously worn or damaged before replacement, and check whether the pressure exceeds the limit. When installing the oil seal, the type and quality of the oil seal shall be checked and the assembly shall be accurate.
3、摸
3. Touch
“触摸”是使用灵敏的手指触摸，检查压力系统管路或部件是否振动、冲击和油温异常升高等故障。如果手动触摸泵壳或液压部件，可根据冷热程度确定液压系统是否有异常温升，并确定温升的原因和位置。如果泵壳过热，泵或严重泄漏到空气中。如果感到异常振动，可能是旋转部件的安装平衡不好，紧固螺丝松动或系统有气体等故障。
"Touch" refers to the use of sensitive fingers to check whether the pressure system pipelines or components have vibration, impact and abnormal oil temperature rise. If you manually touch the pump casing or hydraulic components, you can determine whether the hydraulic system has abnormal temperature rise according to the degree of cold and heat, and determine the cause and location of temperature rise. If the pump casing overheats, the pump may leak into the air seriously. If you feel abnormal vibration, it may be due to poor installation balance of rotating parts, loose fastening screws or gas in the system.
4、听
4. Listen
“听”就是用耳朵检查液压控制系统可以有无异常响声。正常的机器设备运转声响有一定的节奏和音律，并保持社会稳定。因此，熟悉和掌握学习这些发展规律，并保持一个稳定。
"Listening" is to use your ears to check whether the hydraulic control system can make abnormal noise. The sound of normal machinery and equipment operation has a certain rhythm and rhythm, and maintains social stability. Therefore, we should be familiar with and master these development laws and maintain a stable.
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Lengthening arm excavator rental focuses on providing you with fresh industry information. For more questions and wonderful contents, please pay attention to our website: //www.wondgo.com, we will have more wonderful content for you