Excavator is a very common construction machinery, and "jump stop" is one of the common faults of excavator. In the working process of excavator, if the transmission "jump stop" occurs, the machine should be shut down in time (or continue to run), and then find out the reason and eliminate the fault. The following specific analysis of the causes and handling methods of "skip stop" of excavator:

1. “换档”的原因

1. Reasons for "shifting"

(1)性能的自锁机制来防止“跳出”的传播,传播的类型挖掘机Ⅱ、Ⅲ封面和ⅣⅤ叉轴顶部的盒子盖内孔和Ⅰ,反向齿轮叉自锁安钢球和弹簧的作用。当具有定位自锁功能的弹簧被削弱或折断时，自锁机构的自锁性能下降直消失，导致传动“跳停”。同时，钢球或叉轴的定位槽若磨损，也会造成变速器的“跳块”。

(1) Performance of self-locking mechanism to prevent the "jump out" of the propagation, the propagation type of excavator II, III cover and IV V fork shaft top box cover inner hole and I, reverse gear fork self-locking steel ball and spring. When the spring with positioning self-locking function is weakened or broken, the self-locking performance of the self-locking mechanism decreases until it disappears, resulting in the "trip stop" of the drive. At the same time, if the positioning groove of the steel ball or fork shaft is worn, it will also cause the "jumping block" of the transmission.

(2) w4-60型挖掘机的变速传动机构磨损，采用机械换档传动的传动机构。这种传动机构是由滑动齿轮套在固定齿轮套上作轴向运动，并与各齿轮的从动齿轮啮合而实现的。在频繁换档的过程中，上述啮合齿轮的齿端面很容易磨成锥体，导致啮合性能下降，导致“跳齿轮”。

(2) The transmission mechanism of w4-60 excavator is worn, and the transmission mechanism of mechanical shift transmission is adopted. The transmission mechanism is realized by the axial movement of the sliding gear sleeve on the fixed gear sleeve and the engagement with the driven gears of each gear. In the process of frequent shifting, the tooth end face of the above meshing gear is easy to grind into a cone, which leads to the decrease of meshing performance and "gear skipping".

(3)外载荷的突变由于挖掘机的工作性质和机器的设计，外载荷的突变也会导致变速器“跳停”。当路面不均匀,机器下坡行驶或行驶路线不正确,使外部负载突然变化,负荷的突然变化会通过车轮,传动轴的传动齿轮啮合齿轮,使齿轮啮合齿轮的轴向推力,导致传播“跳块”。

(3) The sudden change of the external load will also cause the transmission to "trip" due to the working nature of the excavator and the design of the machine. When the road surface is uneven, the machine goes downhill or the driving route is not correct, so that the external load changes suddenly, and the sudden change of load will mesh the gear through the wheel and the transmission gear of the transmission shaft, making the gear mesh with the axial thrust of the gear, resulting in the propagation of "jumping block".

(4)换挡装置调整不当本型挖掘机传动采用机械手动换挡。变速杆松脱，立轴、横轴和垂直固定螺钉也会使变速器“跳停”。

(4) Improper adjustment of gearshift device mechanical manual gearshift is adopted for the transmission of this type of excavator. If the transmission lever is loose, the vertical shaft, horizontal shaft and vertical fixing screw will also make the transmission "trip".

(5)操作方法不当挖掘机在坡道上行驶时(尤其是下坡时)，操作不当也会导致变速器“跳块”。

(5) Improper operation of the excavator on a ramp (especially when it is going downhill), improper operation will also cause the transmission to "trip".

2. 紧急措施

2. Emergency measures

在挖掘机运行过程中，如果出现传动“跳块”，机器应及时停机(或继续运行)，然后查找原因，排除故障。具体方法为:

During the operation of the excavator, if the transmission "trip block" occurs, the machine should be shut down in time (or continue to run), and then find out the cause to eliminate the fault. The specific methods are as follows:

(1)有一个“跳出”希尔路,可以放置在位置或块Ⅰ块位置,低速度机器停机时间再次去顶部时,故障排除;如果减块不成功或另“跳块”，应根据斜坡停止动作要领和要求停止，然后排除故障。

(1) There is a "jump" Hill Road, which can be placed at the position or block I position. When the low-speed machine stops at the top again, the fault is eliminated; if the block reduction is not successful or another "jump block", the action essentials and requirements of the slope stop shall be followed to stop, and then the fault shall be eliminated.

(2)平路上行驶出现“跳车块”时，可按正常停车要领停机，仔细查找原因，排除故障。

(2) When the "trip block" appears on the flat road, stop the vehicle according to the normal parking essentials, carefully find out the cause and eliminate the fault.

(3)下匝道行驶时若出现“跳车”，应根据加挡动作要领或采取“急降挡”措施，将挡块位置置于高速位置。机器到达斜坡底部后，将停机进行检查和故障排除。如果“停止”,“停止”不成功或另一个“跳停止”(这一次是中性的),司机可以控制发动机转速的中速(防止发动机熄火),使用“刹车”的方法使机器底部的斜率,然后进行故障诊断。如果“添加块”,“抓块”不成功或另一个“跳块”(此时是中性的),和机器的下一个大斜坡(这个时候机器将以非常快的速度斜坡的底部“潜水”),应尽快根据下坡停止动作要领和要求停止,然后扣除的错。

(3) In case of "trip" on the down ramp, the stop shall be placed at the high speed position according to the action essentials of upshift or the measures of "sharp downshift". When the machine reaches the bottom of the slope, stop the machine for inspection and troubleshooting. If "stop", "stop" is not successful or another "skip stop" (this time neutral), the driver can control the medium speed of the engine speed (to prevent the engine from stalling), use the "brake" method to make the slope at the bottom of the machine, and then carry out fault diagnosis. If "add block", "grab block" is not successful or another "skip block" (neutral at this time), and the next large slope of the machine (the machine will "dive" at the bottom of the slope at a very fast speed at this time), stop as soon as possible according to the down slope stop action essentials and requirements, and then deduct the error.